Getting Started with Ruby on Rails
Contents |
Overview
Deploying a simple Rails application is relatively easy, but there are still a number of steps that need to be taken. You need to create your application on your computer, add the domain to your account, create a database for your application in the panel, upload your application to DreamHost's servers, set your domain to use Passenger in the panel, and make sure the version of Rails and any gems you're using are available. These steps will be outlined in this article and should get you well on your way to having your application up and running.
Creating Your Rails Application
To create your Rails application, you'll want to follow these steps (if you already have a Rails application to upload, you can skip this section).
First, you'll need to make sure Rails is installed. To see if this works, run this command from your terminal window:
gem list --local | grep rails
You should see something like this:
rails (3.0.3, 2.3.8, 2.3.5, 2.3.4, 2.3.3, 2.2.2, 2.1.2, 2.1.1, 2.1.0, 2.0.5, 2.0.2)
You may see more versions listed, but so long as it shows up you should be good to go. After confirming that Rails is installed, run this command:
rails new test_app --database=mysql --freeze
That command will generate a new Rails application in the "test_app" folder. The --database=mysql parameter tells it to generate a MySQL database.yml template and the --freeze parameter tells it to freeze the version of Rails you're using to the application, which is always highly recommended. When you run that command, you should see something like this:
$ rails new test_app --database=mysql --freeze
create
create app/controllers
create app/helpers
create app/models
create app/views/layouts
create config/environments
create config/initializers
create config/locales
create db
create doc
create lib
create lib/tasks
create log
create public/images
create public/javascripts
create public/stylesheets
create script/performance
create test/fixtures
create test/functional
create test/integration
create test/performance
create test/unit
create vendor
create vendor/plugins
create tmp/sessions
create tmp/sockets
create tmp/cache
create tmp/pids
create Rakefile
create README
create app/controllers/application_controller.rb
create app/helpers/application_helper.rb
create config/database.yml
create config/routes.rb
create config/locales/en.yml
create db/seeds.rb
create config/initializers/backtrace_silencers.rb
create config/initializers/inflections.rb
create config/initializers/mime_types.rb
create config/initializers/new_rails_defaults.rb
create config/initializers/session_store.rb
create config/environment.rb
create config/boot.rb
create config/environments/production.rb
create config/environments/development.rb
create config/environments/test.rb
create script/about
create script/console
create script/dbconsole
create script/destroy
create script/generate
create script/runner
create script/server
create script/plugin
create script/performance/benchmarker
create script/performance/profiler
create test/test_helper.rb
create test/performance/browsing_test.rb
create public/404.html
create public/422.html
create public/500.html
create public/index.html
create public/favicon.ico
create public/robots.txt
create public/images/rails.png
create public/javascripts/prototype.js
create public/javascripts/effects.js
create public/javascripts/dragdrop.js
create public/javascripts/controls.js
create public/javascripts/application.js
create doc/README_FOR_APP
create log/server.log
create log/production.log
create log/development.log
create log/test.log
rm -rf vendor/rails
mkdir -p vendor/rails
cd vendor/rails
mv activesupport-2.3.4 activesupport
mv activerecord-2.3.4 activerecord
mv actionpack-2.3.4 actionpack
mv actionmailer-2.3.4 actionmailer
mv activeresource-2.3.4 activeresource
cd -
froze
At this point, you *should* have a fully functional, vanilla Rails application in your "test_app" directory.
Creating a Database for Your Application
Sqlite is currently the default database for Rails, however this is yet to be supported by Dreamhost. You must switch to MySQL for your application to work correctly.
You'll want to create a database for your application by going to the MySQL Databases area of your webpanel. Scroll to the bottom of the page and fill out the form to create a new database. In a production environment, you would usually have at least a development and production database, but for the purposes of this guide we'll just make a production database. Fill out the form and click the "Add new database now!" link.
Now that you have a database to use go back to your Rails application and edit the config/database.yml file. Edit the production area with the appropriate information. For the application being setup above, it would look something like this:
production: adapter: mysql encoding: utf8 reconnect: false database: test_app_prod pool: 5 username: my_rails_user password: aFk3!pQ93mw1 host: mysql.railsexample.dreamhosters.com
Adding the Domain to your Account
Now you want to add the domain to your account via the Manage Domains area of your webpanel.
Just fill out the form like you would for any other domain. Usually the default options will work, although you may want to change the "Do you want the www in your URL?" option to "Leave it alone".
At this point, don't change the web directory path or worry about checking the Passenger checkbox. Just click the "Fully host this domain" button. Note that it may take some time for the domain's DNS to propagate once you add it (this can take anywhere from a couple hours to a couple days depending upon your exact location and ISP).
Uploading Your Application
At this point, your domain is setup and has a web directory on the server. So, you now need to get your application uploaded to the server. Usually, if you're going to be doing a lot of development where you deploy frequently, you'll be using some kind of version control system like Subversion or Git and can use Capistrano to deploy. For the purposes of this guide though, we'll simply upload the application via FTP.
Log into your server via whatever FTP client you use. For the purposes of this guide FileZilla is being used. In the left pane, navigate to your "test_app" directory. Once you get there, select all the files and folders from the left panel and drag them to the yourdomain.com folder in the right panel.
The upload may take a while since you have the entire Rails framework frozen to your application, so there's quite a number of files. There are lots of more efficient ways of doing this that will be discussed elsewhere, so if you know a better way of doing this, feel free. If you don't, then the above will work fine even if it does take a while.
It will be quicker if you zip the app, upload the single zipfile and then unzip it on the server. Here are some instructions to help you.
Configuring Your Domain to Use Passenger
Now that your application is uploaded, you need to set your domain up to use Passenger so the application will actually run. Go to the Manage Domains area of the webpanel and Edit your domain's Web Hosting options.
The first thing you'll likely notice is that the Passenger option under the Web Options area on the edit page isn't available to check. This is because Passenger needs to have the web directory of your domain point to the public folder inside your application.
Since you uploaded the contents of your "test_app" directory to the root of your web directory, just update the web directory field and add a "/public" to the end like this:
Once you've done that click the "Change settings" button. It may take up to 10 minutes or so for this change to go into effect.
Test Your Application
At this point, your application should be up and running! If you browse to it, you should see something like this:
Note that the "About your application's environment" link will display an error if you try clicking it. That's normal. It uses an internal route that Rails disables in production mode, which is what Passenger runs all the applications in. At this point, there's not much to test since no controllers or actions were created, however, if you had created any they would be available to see at this point.
Since this article was just covering getting a basic, vanilla Rails application setup on DreamHost, it doesn't cover getting your gems working. For the most part, simply freezing your gems to your application will do what you need, but a quick spin around Google turns up some common problems, some of which are discussed in the following sections.
Resolving the common mysql2 problem
Now that you've come this far, you'd expect you could do the following:
$ bundle install # NOTE this line in the output: "Installing mysql2 (0.3.11) with native extensions!" $ bundle package $ rails generate controller home index
However, you may end up with a WARNING like:
WARNING: This version of mysql2 (0.3.11) doesn't ship with the ActiveRecord adapter bundled anymore as it's now part of Rails 3.1 WARNING: Please use the 0.2.x releases if you plan on using it in Rails <= 3.0.x
To fix this, edit your Gemfile to specify an older version of the mysql2 gem. Edit the line that reads gem 'mysql2' like this:
... gem 'mysql2', '< 0.3' ...
Save and:
$ bundle install # NOTE this line in the output: "Installing mysql2 (0.2.x) with native extensions" $ bundle package
The "x" in in the preceeding snippet will be whatever the highest available version lower than 0.3 is. (In my case, it's 0.2.18.)
Resolving the dreaded rake 10.0.x problem
Many users run into a problem where the version of rake is not compatible with the other gem versions in the Dreamhost stack by default. When running rake db:migrate, for example, Bad Things™ may happen:
$ rake --trace db:migrate
rake aborted!
ERROR: 'rake/rdoctask' is obsolete and no longer supported. Use 'rdoc/task' (available in RDoc 2.4.2+) instead.
C:/Programs/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/rake-10.0.3/lib/rake/rdoctask.rb:1:in `<top (required)>'
C:/Programs/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/railties-3.0.3/lib/rails/tasks/documentation.rake:2:in `require'
...
To resolve this, downgrade rake:
$ gem install rake -v 0.8.7 $ gem uninstall rake -v 10.0.3
Then, edit your Gemfile.lock. Change the rake line to read like this:
... rake (0.8.7) ...
Then, carry on:
$ bundle install $ bundle package $ rake --version rake, version 0.8.7
Hope this helps!
